Project 1 - LINUX ENCRYPTION & DECRYPTION

Understanding File Encryption and Decryption on Linux

Objective

This project demonstrates how encryption and decryption work by protecting a simple text file and then restoring it to its original form. The goal is to show how data can be hidden from unauthorized users while remaining accessible to someone with the correct password. This process highlights an important security principle: encryption protects data, not entire systems.

Creating Plaintext Data

The project begins with a simple text message saved in a file. This file represents plaintext data, meaning the information is fully readable and accessible to anyone who opens it. At this stage, the data has no protection and could easily be copied, modified, or stolen.

Plaintext files are common in everyday computing, but they are also vulnerable. This is why encryption is necessary when handling sensitive information.

Encrypting the File

Once the plaintext file exists, it is encrypted using a strong encryption algorithm. Encryption transforms readable data into an unreadable format using a password. After encryption, the contents of the file appear as random characters and symbols, making the data useless to anyone who does not know the password.

At this point, even if someone gains access to the file, they cannot understand or use the information inside it.

Removing the Original File

After encryption, the original plaintext file is deleted. This step is important because keeping an unencrypted copy defeats the purpose of encryption. With the plaintext file removed, only the encrypted version remains, ensuring the data is protected.

This mirrors real-world security practices where sensitive data should never be stored in unprotected form.

Decrypting the File

When the correct password is provided, the encrypted file can be decrypted. Decryption reverses the encryption process and restores the file to its original readable state. The recovered file contains the exact same message that was originally created.

This step demonstrates that encryption is reversible only when the correct key or password is used.

What This Project Demonstrates

This project highlights several key security concepts:

• Plaintext data is readable and unprotected.

• Encrypted data is unreadable without the correct password.

• Encryption protects information, not the system itself.

• Password security is critical—if the password is exposed, the encryption fails.

• Data protection depends on both strong encryption and proper handling practices.

Final Thoughts

Encryption is one of the most important tools in cybersecurity. It ensures that sensitive information remains confidential even if it is accessed by unauthorized users. However, encryption alone is not enough, strong passwords, secure systems, and responsible data management are all essential for real security.

This project provides a foundational understanding of how encryption and decryption work in practice and why they are vital in protecting digital information.

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